Detailansicht

The question of how far mathematical methods of reasoning and inves tigation are applicable in economic theorising has long been a matter of debate. The first part of this question needing to be answered was whether, outside the range of ordinary statistical methods, such application is in fact possible. In my opinion the controversy on this point has been a fruitful one, which has led, as might have been expected, to an affirmative answer. What, however, has not yet been decided - for the simple reason that hitherto it has not been investigated - is whether the application of mathematical methods to our science is expedient. From the point of view of economic methodology this seems to me the more important part of the question, although the only considerations hitherto brought to bear upon it have been of a rather general character, based on uncer tain ideas which have led to uncertain conclusions. That is why I welcome this attempt of Dr. Heinz W. Brand to bring the solution nearer by his present work. The conclusion he reaches here is that mathematical methods cannot unreservedly be employed in our science. The arguments which he carefully weighs, in the course of a criticism which is never destructive, are centred on his own criterion of asking whether it is not merely possible, but at the same time profitable, to apply mathematics in economic science.

InhaltsangabeI Introduction.- The development of mathematical methods in application to economic theory.- Attempts to define operationally the concept of 'fecundity'.- The relations between mathematics and logic.- II The Logical Distinction between two types of Mathematical Method - Respectively Mathematical Presentation and Mathematical Operation.- III Attempted Operational Assessment of the Intellectual Economy due to using Mathematical Methods.- Mathematical presentation and economy of thought.- (a) Basic considerations.- (b) An example of application, due to H. von Stackelberg.- (c) A further example, due to Hans Brems.- (d) An example of application, due to Sidney Schoeffler.- Mathematical operations and economy of thought.- (a) An example of application, due to Hans Brems.- (a) (1) Brems's 'demonstration' of a superiority attaching to the mathematical method.- (a) (2) Necessary amplification of Brems's working.- (a) (3) Brems's example formulated by verbal logic.- (b) The danger of artificial generalisation from mathematical methods, illustrated in a criticism by G. Mackenroth.- Provisional summary.- IV Investigation of the Intelligibility of Mathematical Methods.- Definition of the concept 'intelligibility'.- An attempted conclusion as to intelligibility, based on an example of R. Stucken.- V Critical Appraisal of the Accuracy of Mathematical Methods as applied to Economic Theory.- Fundamental considerations.- Quantitative estimation of the final errors resulting from mathematical operations attributable to differences in the input values.- The inexactitude of mathematical operations.- (a) An applied example: Platt's criticism of Leontieff's 'Inter-Industry Studies'.- (b) General remarks on the quantisation of fundamental economic quantities.- Imperfect accuracy of mathematical presentation as exemplified in the market demand for household consumer goods.- The significance of the psycho-physical basic principles underlying the exactness of mathematical methods.- (a) Max Weber's critical observations on the economic significance of psycho-physical laws.- (b) An attempt to reformulate the market action of a bidder by reference to the basic psycho-physical laws.- W. Krelle's theory of domestic demand considered from the standpoint of procedural accuracy.- VI Conclusions.- Notes.