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Crystallography and Crystal Defects

Wiley-VCH GmbH
ISBN/EAN: 9780470750148
Umbreit-Nr.: 1501365

Sprache: Englisch
Umfang: 536 S.
Format in cm: 2.5 x 24.4 x 16.7
Einband: kartoniertes Buch

Erschienen am 09.02.2012
Auflage: 2/2012
€ 59,90
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  • Zusatztext

    • "The aim of this new edition of Crystallography and Crystal Defects is to communicate the modern concepts of crystallography in a clear, succinct, manner and to put these concepts into use in the description of line and planar defects in crystalline materials, quasicrystals and crystal interfaces. Since the first edition of this book, understanding of crystal defects such as dislocations, stacking faults, twin, grain and interphase boundaries and their effect on the mechanical and electrical properties of materials has grown enormously, and this has been accompanied by a total change in style of the way in which both research and teaching are carried out through the use of the fast digital computer. This new edition takes account of this change and a number of new topics are included, for example piezoelectricity, liquid crystals, nanocrystalline concepts, incommensurate materials and the structure of foamed and amorphous materials. The topic of quasicrystalline materials has been completely rewritten, and the data tables and references have been fully updated. Reinforcing its unrivalled position as the core text for teaching crystallography and crystal defects, each chapter includes problem sets with brief numerical solutions at the end of the book. Detailed worked solutions, supplementary lecture material and computer programs for crystallographic calculations are provided online."

  • Kurztext

    • Extensively revised and updated, this new edition of a classic text presents a unified approach to crystallography and to the defects found within crystals. The book combines the classical and exact description of symmetry of a perfect crystal with the possible geometries of the major defects-dislocations, stacking faults, point defects, twins, interfaces and the effects of martensitic transformations. A number of important concepts and exciting new topics have been introduced in this second edition, including piezoelectricity, liquid crystals, nanocrystalline concepts, incommensurate materials and the structure of foamed and amorphous solids. The coverage of quasicrystalline materials has been extended, and the data tables, appendices and references have been fully updated. Reinforcing its unrivalled position as the core text for teaching crystallography and crystal defects, each chapter includes problem sets with brief numerical solutions at the end of the book. Detailed worked solutions, supplementary lecture material and computer programs for crystallographic calculations are provided online (http://booksupport.wiley.com). Crystallography and Crystal Defects, Second Edition is a valuable resource for senior undergraduate and graduate students of materials science, metallurgy, physics, chemistry, electrical, civil and mechanical engineering. It will also prove a useful and comprehensive reference source for advanced researchers.

  • Autorenportrait
    • InhaltsangabePreface xiii Part I Perfect Crystals 1 1 Lattice Geometry 3 1.1 The Unit Cell 3 1.2 Lattice Plane and Directions 7 1.3 The Weiss Zone Law 11 1.4 Symmetry Elements 14 1.5 Restrictions on Symmetry Elements 16 1.6 Possible Combinations of Rotational Symmetries 21 1.7 Crystal Systems 26 1.8 Space Lattices (Bravais Lattices) 26 Problems 37 Suggestions for Further Reading 40 References 41 2 Point Groups and Space Groups 43 2.1 Macroscopic Symmetry Elements 43 2.2 Orthorhombic System 49 2.3 Tetragonal System 52 2.4 Cubic System 53 2.5 Hexagonal System 56 2.6 Trigonal System 59 2.7 Monoclinic System 63 2.8 Triclinic System 65 2.9 Special Forms in the Crystal Classes 67 2.10 Enantiomorphous Crystal Classes 68 2.11 Laue Groups 69 2.12 Space Groups 69 2.13 Nomenclature for Point Groups and Space Groups 78 2.14 Groups, Subgroups and Supergroups 79 2.15 An Example of a Three-Dimensional Space Group 79 Problems 82 Suggestions for Further Reading 84 References 84 3 Crystal Structures 85 3.1 Introduction 85 3.2 Common Metallic Structures 86 3.3 Related Metallic Structures 93 3.4 Other Elements and Related Compounds 95 3.5 Simple MX and MX2 Compounds 98 3.6 Other Inorganic Compounds 104 3.7 Interatomic Distances 110 3.8 Solid Solutions 110 3.9 Polymers 113 3.10 Additional Crystal Structures and their Designation 116 Problems 119 Suggestions for Further Reading 121 References 122 4 Amorphous Materials and Special Types of Crystal-Solid Aggregate 123 4.1 Introduction 123 4.2 Amorphous Materials 123 4.3 Liquid Crystals 126 4.4 Geometry of Polyhedra 129 4.5 Icosahedral Packing 134 4.6 Quasicrystals 135 4.7 Incommensurate Structures 137 4.8 Foams, Porous Materials and Cellular Materials 137 Problems 139 Suggestions for Further Reading 139 References 140 5 Tensors 141 5.1 Nature of a tensor 141 5.2 Transformation of components of a vector 142 5.3 Dummy Suffix Notation 145 5.4 Transformation of Components of a Second-Rank Tensor 146 5.5 Definition of a Tensor of the Second Rank 148 5.6 Tensor of the Second Rank Referred to Principal Axes 149 5.7 Limitations Imposed by Crystal Symmetry for Second-Rank Tensors 153 5.8 Representation Quadric 155 5.9 RadiusNormal Property of the Representation Quadric 159 5.10 Third and FourthRank Tensors 161 Problems 161 Suggestions for Further Reading 163 References 163 6 Strain, Stress, Piezoelectricity and Elasticity 165 6.1 Strain: Introduction 165 6.2 Infinitesimal Strain 166 6.3 Stress 170 6.4 Piezoelectricity 177 6.5 Elasticity of Crystals 181 Problems 193 Suggestions for Further Reading 196 References 196 Section II Imperfect Crystals 197 7 Glide and Texture 199 7.1 Translation Glide 199 7.2 Glide Elements 203 7.3 Independent Slip Systems 208 7.4 Large Strains of Single Crystals: The Choice of Glide System 218 7.5 Large Strains: The Change in the Orientation of the Lattice During Glide 222 7.6 Texture 228 Problems 235 Suggestions for Further Reading 237 References 237 8 Dislocations 241 8.1 Introduction 241 8.2 Dislocation Motion 247 8.3 The Force on a Dislocation 249 8.4 The Distortion in a Dislocated Crystal 253 8.5 Atom Positions Close to a Dislocation 258 8.6 The Interaction of Dislocations with One Another 261 Problems 265 Suggestions for Further Reading 266 References 267 9 Dislocations in Crystals 269 9.1 The Strain Energy of a Dislocation 269 9.2 Stacking Faults and Partial Dislocations 277 9.3 Dislocations in c.c.p. Metals 280 9.4 Dislocations in the Rock Salt Structure 288 9.5 Dislocations in Hexagonal Metals 290 9.6 Dislocations in b.c.c. Crystals 295 9.7 Dislocations in Some Covalent Solids 297 9.8 Dislocations in Other Crystal Structures 301 Problems 301 Suggestio