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Gustave Lebon is a French psychologist, sociologist, anthropologist and historian, publicist, best known as the founder of social psychology and the author of one of the first variants of the doctrine of "mass society". Gustave Le Bon advocated the idea of racial determinism in the development of civilization. As the foundation of social evolution, he considered not the mind, but the irrational-volitional, emotional sphere of mental life feelings and beliefs. "Psychology of Nations" is devoted to the questions of the formation, development and extinction of human races and the role played in these processes by the ideas and people governing the people. Actually, it was this work that marked the beginning of social psychology as a science.