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The work of Caillebotte (1848-1894) added a new dimension to French Impressionist painting. His radical and modern designs with a photographic quality inspired a new kind of perception and anticipated the dynamism and abstraction of photography which was in the process of being developed. Selected photographs by André Kertész, Wols and László Moholy-Nagy, among others, demonstrate a strong affinity with the work of Caillebotte. The photographers Édouard Baldus, Charles Marville and Eugène Atget documented the image of the "19th-century capital", a theme which the Impressionist Caillebotte also embraced. The pioneering role of Caillebotte in the photography that followed him is manifested in this juxtaposition of painting and photography.

Gustave Caillebotte not only depicted the 19th-century Paris of Haussmann, but also painted landscapes, still lifes, portraits and interiors. Today, he has taken his place as one of the most outstanding French Impressionists. His avant-garde approach to perspective and composition anticipated pictorial forms of 20th-century photography.